Tie Rod

The tie rod is one of the major pivot points in the steering system. It’s a rod with a "ball and socket" at one end that connects to the steering arm or other linkage. When the steering wheel moves, the ball and socket allows the wheels to turn. Stud swing from side to side allows the tie rod to function as the vehicle moves up and down. When two tie rods are used, their length is adjustable, allowing the wheels to be aligned. Proper tie rod function is important, as excessive movement can contribute to toe change, which can effect tire wear.
 

When tie rods are used with conventional steering, an adjustment sleeve commonly is used to make adjustment possible. This combination of tie rods and an adjustment sleeve usually is called a "tie rod assembly". There is normally one tie rod assembly on each side of the vehicle.
	Conventional Steering (above)

A tie rod assembly consists of:

1. Outer tie rod (closest to the wheel) 
2. Adjustment sleeve
3. Inner tie rod (closest to the vehicle center)

 
Tie rod assembly components can be replaced separately in most cases. 

When tie rods are used with rack and pinion steering, inner and outer tie rods are threaded together and normally secured by a jam nut. There is usually one tie rod assembly on each side of the vehicle.
	Rack and Pinion Steering (above)

The rack and pinion tie rod assembly consists of:

1. Outer tie rod (closest to the wheel)
2. Inner tie rod (connected directly to the steering gear)

Inner Tie Rod Inspection (above)

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